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Kairos:一种用于物理人工智能的本地世界模型栈

Kairos: A Native World Model Stack for Physical AI

▲ 25 💬 2 2026-06-19

Kairos Team, Fei Wang, Shan You, Qiming Zhang, Tao Huang, Zuoyi Fu, Zhisheng Zheng, Yunlong Xi, Feng Lv, Xiaoming Wu, Zeyu Liu, Cong Wan, Pu Li, Ruiqing Yang, Xiaoou Li, Wei Wang, Kangkang Zhu, Yuwei Zhang, Shi Fu, Zheng Zhang, Xiaoning Wu, Xuzeng Fan, Dacheng Tao, Xiaogang Wang

摘要

世界模型正在从被动的视觉生成器转变为物理人工智能的基础性、可操作的基础设施:它们必须能够从各种异构数据中自然获取世界知识,能够在长时间范围内保持稳定的状态,并在实际部署约束下高效运行。我们提出了Kairos——一个符合这些要求的原生世界模型框架。(1) Kairos通过一种原生预训练模式来学习世界知识,该模式基于跨维度数据课程,将开放世界的视频、人类行为数据以及机器人交互信息整合成逐步发展的路径。(2) Kairos通过统一的世界理解、生成和预测机制来实现对世界的维护,其架构采用混合线性时间注意力机制,其中滑动窗口注意力能够捕捉局部动态,扩展的滑动窗口则能够捕捉中等范围的依赖关系,而门控线性注意力则能够保持全局记忆的稳定性。我们还建立了正式的理论界限,证明这种时间分解方式能够严格限制错误积累,从而确保状态能够在更长的时间范围内持续传递。(3) Kairos通过结合部署感知的系统设计,使得系统在服务器和消费级硬件上能够实现低延迟的部署,从而支持现实世界中的观察-行动-反馈循环。在基于实体化世界模型、长时段以及动作策略的测试中,Kairos表现出出色的性能,同时又具备良好的效率特性。综合来看,Kairos可作为未来自进化物理人工智能的基础性架构。

English Abstract

World models are transitioning from passive visual generators to foundational, operational infrastructure for Physical AI: they must natively acquire world knowledge from heterogeneous experience, maintain persistent states over long horizons, and execute efficiently within real deployment constraints. We introduce Kairos, a native world model stack designed around these requirements. (1) Kairos learns the world by pioneering a Native Pre-training Paradigm governed by a Cross-Embodiment Data Curriculum, which organizes open-world videos, human behavioral data, and robot interactions into a progressive developmental pathway. (2) Kairos maintains the world by unified world understanding, generation, and prediction within a Native Unified Architecture equipped with Hybrid Linear Temporal Attention, where sliding-window attention captures local dynamics, dilated sliding windows capture mid-range dependencies, and gated linear attention maintains persistent global memory. We establish formal theoretical bounds demonstrating that this temporal factorization strictly limits error accumulation, mathematically guaranteeing state propagation across extended horizons. (3) Kairos runs the world by incorporating a Deployment-Aware System Co-Design to support low-latency rollout generation on server and consumer-grade hardware for real-world observation-action-feedback loops. Experiments on embodied world-model, long-horizon, and action-policy benchmarks show that Kairos achieves top level performance while offering a strong efficiency-capability trade-off. Together, these results position Kairos as a cohesive operational foundation for future self-evolving physical intelligence.